International Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Systems

Deepak Raj Gupta ¹, Zubair Ahmad Dada ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Tourism & Travel Management, Central University of Jammu, Jammu, Jammu & Kashmir, IN

Abstract

As a global agent of communication, cultural tourism must position itself as an agent of sustainable development, applying itself to the core values of public education, respect for differences, authenticity of projects, and protection of heritage. Many writers have written about important political dimensions of tourism on a range of topics. However, it is being recognized that the political nature of this massive global industry, at both macro and micro political levels, is under acknowledged. Tourism as an international system of exchange displays particular tensions around the interface between space and experience that reaches into the conceptual heart of globalization. The global structural realities of tourism are very much framed by the idea of the nation state and have their ischolar_mains in the modern political geographies and nation-building agendas of the late 19th, and the first decades of the 20th century. Despite growing interest in the notion of regionalism whereby the region acts as the focal point for 'culture building and identification', it is the idea of the nation that still holds primacy in the metanarratives of international tourism. Each nation, no matter what their position in any notional global political league table, promotes tourism as an actual and potential source of external revenue, a marker of political status that draws upon cultural capital, and as a means to legitimize itself as a territorial entity. The paper provides some degree of context for the concept of cultural tourism and explores the ways in which culture(s) is/are mobilized for tourists and read by tourists within particular settings. In utilizing the term cultural tourism we are explicitly acknowledging both the cultural nature of, and the role of, tourism as a process and set of practices that revolve around the behavioural pragmatics of societies, and the learning and transmission of meanings through symbols and embodied through objects.

Keywords

Conceptual Transformations, Cultural Tourism, Cultural Resourcefulness, National Cultural Projection.

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Zubair Ahmad Dada ¹, Ahsan-ul-Haq ²

Affiliations
1 University of Kashmir, Jammu & Kashmir, IN
2 Central University of Kashmir, Jammu & Kashmir, IN

Abstract

Poverty alleviation is the greatest global challenge and an indispensable requirement for sustainable development. It has become one of the major concerns for most of the developing countries including India. Tourism is considered as one of the most effective and viable tool for poverty alleviation. Therefore, it becomes critical to understand the tourism-poverty link, if tourism is to be used as a mechanism for reducing poverty. This research is intended to identify various factors of poverty alleviation through tourism; and to study the perception of inhabitants of Leh district of Ladakh region of Jammu and Kashmir regarding poverty alleviation through tourism and finally to suggest the strategies for pro-poor tourism development in the region. Exploratory factor analysis was done to identify various factors and confirmatory factor analysis was performed to cross validate it. Furthermore, one sample t-test was executed to study the perception of inhabitants on the identified factors. The findings of the study reveal that the tourism plays a significant role in reducing poverty and will help the strategy makers to come up with effective strategies that will promote Pro-poor tourism in study area and other similar regions.

Keywords

Poverty Alleviation, Tourism, Community Development, Jammu & Kashmir, Ladakh.

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Zubair Ahmad Dada ¹, Ashaq Hussain Najar ², S. K. Gupta ³

Affiliations
1 Assistant Professor, Tourism Management, University of Kashmir, Jammu & Kashmir, IN
2 Assistant Professor, Tourism Management, Central University of Kashmir, Jammu & Kashmir, IN
3 Professor, Centre for Mountain Tourism and Hospitality Studies, HNB Garhwal University (A Central University), Srinagar Garhwal, Uttarakhand, IN

Abstract

Tourism is a creative instrument for poverty reduction. Pro-Poor Tourism (PPT) provides economic, socio-cultural and even environmental benefits to the globally impoverished community. The main goal of this study is to demystify the constructs of Pro-Poor Tourism and investigate the local community perception regarding the role of tourism in poverty alleviation. The present study attempts to understand the development of pro-poor tourism from social, cultural and economic dimensions by delving into the perceptions of the locally disadvantageous community providing tourism services in the Kashmir region of India. Primary and secondary data have been collected from the targeted respondents through a structured questionnaire for conducting this research. The study areas that have been selected for conducting the present study are Gulmarg (Study Area A) and Pahalgam (Study Area B) from the Kashmir region. The data collected were analysed through descriptive statistics, factor analysis and regression analysis to draw reliable and representative interpretations. The findings of this study may help the strategy makers and other community groups develop effective policy interventions for developing creative tourism practices as an anti-poverty programme that has local and global implications for promoting tourism for Poverty alleviation, ensuring sustainability.

Keywords

Pro-poor Tourism, Tourism Development, Poverty Alleviation, Local Community

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Reyaz A. Qureshi ¹, Zubair Ahmad Dada ², Danish Mattoo ³, Ramjit ⁴

Affiliations
1 Sr. Assistant Professor, Department of Tourism, Hospitality & Leisure Studies, University of Kashmir, Jammu & Kashmir, IN
2 Assistant Professor, Tourism Management, Directorate of Distance Education, University of Kashmir, Jammu & Kashmir,, IN
3 Research Scholar, Department of Management Studies, University of Kashmir, Jammu & Kashmir, IN
4 Sr. Assistant Professor, Tourism Management, Central University of Kashmir, Jammu & Kashmir, IN

Abstract

The purpose of this paper is to understand the structural relation that can exist among attitude, subjective norms and perceived behavioral control that explain the Theory of Planned behavior as its antecedents. This approach can help to explicate as to how tourism entrepreneurship can offer support in peace building process in the Kashmir Region. The study uses Exploratory Factor Analysis, Confirmatory Factor Analysis and Structural Equation Modelling for investigating the multivariable relationship. The study finds that attitude, subjective norms and perceived behavioral control are significant in measuring the intentions of entrepreneurs towards peace building process. The study offers research inputs to the academia, industry and policy makers to evolve fresh interventions to mitigate the impact of a long standing conflict in the region. The area under study falls in one of the high risk conflict-prone regions of the world that involves two nuclear armed nations and poses substantial threat to the entire region of South Asia. The study pools a fresh narrative from entrepreneurial perspective that can have a mediating effect on the peace process in the region.

Keywords

Attitude, Subjective Norms, Perceived Behavioral Control, Tourism Entrepreneurship, Peace Building, Kashmir

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